51吃瓜 of the Day
eradicate
verb (used with object)
to remove or destroy utterly; extirpate.
More about eradicate
Eradicate 鈥渢o remove or destroy utterly鈥� comes from the Latin verb 脓谤腻诲墨肠腻谤别 鈥渢o root out,鈥� a compound of 脓- 鈥渙ut鈥� and 谤腻诲墨虫 鈥渞oot.鈥� Other derivatives of 谤腻诲墨虫 include radical, the primary sense of which is 鈥渙f or going to the root or origin,鈥� and radish, an edible root. The ultimate origin of 谤腻诲墨虫 is the Proto-Indo-European root 飞谤腻诲- 鈥渂ranch, root,鈥� which is also the source of English root, wort, and orchard; Latin 谤腻尘耻蝉 鈥渂ranch鈥� (as in ramify); and Ancient Greek 谤丑铆锄补 鈥渞oot鈥� (as in the combining form rhizo- and the noun licorice, the latter from Ancient Greek 驳濒测办媒谤谤颈锄补 鈥渟weet root鈥�). Eradicate was first recorded in English circa 1560.
how is eradicate used?
Four years ago, Pakistan had more than 300 cases of polio. And the government, the United Nations and aid groups started a campaign to eradicate the virus. It is not easy because in order to vaccinate a kid, you need to find the kid several times over many weeks and give several doses of vaccine. So now every few weeks, almost half a million people are going out and trying to vaccinate 38 million children. Things are looking good. There’s only been one polio case this year, but getting down to zero is tough.
Since 2008, Argentina and Chile have agreed that to save their southernmost forests, they must rid them of beavers. Some hunters working to eradicate beavers use snares in addition to rifles. But beavers are smart鈥攖hey sometimes use weeds and sticks to trigger the snares without getting caught themselves.
eradicate
fomites
plural noun
surfaces, as clothing or door handles, that can become contaminated with pathogens when touched by the carrier of an infection, and can then transmit the pathogens to those who next touch the surfaces.
More about fomites
Fomites 鈥渟urfaces that can become contaminated with and transmit pathogens鈥� is the plural form of the noun fomes, from Latin 蹿艒尘别蝉 鈥渒indling wood.鈥� Although fomes is the correct singular form of fomites, fomite also appears in English because of a process known as back formation; because most English nouns are pluralized by adding -s, the final -s is dropped from fomites by mistaken analogy with other English nouns. Similar back formations include primate (from Latin singular 辫谤墨尘腻蝉, plural 辫谤墨尘腻迟脓蝉) and termite (from Latin singular termes, plural 迟别谤尘颈迟脓蝉). Other back formations of non-Latin origin include cherry (from Old English singular 膵颈谤颈蝉) and pea (from Modern English singular pease). Fomites was first recorded in English at the turn of the 19th century.
how is fomites used?
I realized that when I took a croissant barehanded I touched only the one that I was going to eat, whereas if I鈥檇 used tongs I鈥檇 have handled an implement that had been touched by every diner who came before me. Tongs are an example of what epidemiologists call fomites鈥攐bjects that convey infectious agents between individuals. And fomites, if you look for them, are just about everywhere: tabletops, doorknobs, toilet seats, stethoscopes. Smooth objects, like tongs, make better fomites than porous ones, like dollar bills, because infectious agents protrude from their surfaces and can be detached more easily.
fomites
allyship
noun
the status or role of a person who advocates and actively works for the inclusion of a marginalized or politicized group in all areas of society, not as a member of that group but in solidarity with its struggle and point of view and under its leadership.
Why Dictionary.com chose allyship
The year 2021 has been defined by the many ongoing impacts of the pandemic and the polarization of 2020鈥攁nd the various ways we continue to grapple with them. The vastness of such a year could never be fully summarized with a single word. But there is one word that鈥檚 intertwined with so many of the things we鈥檝e experienced in 2021: allyship, our 2021 51吃瓜 of the Year. As our 51吃瓜 of the Year for 2021, allyship carries an additional special distinction this year: It marks the first time we鈥檝e chosen a word that鈥檚 new to our dictionary as our 51吃瓜 of the Year. Our addition of the word allyship to our dictionary in 2021鈥攏ot to mention our decision to elevate it as our top word for the year鈥攃aptures important ways the word continues to evolve in our language and reflects its increased prominence in our discourse. Allyship acts as a powerful prism through which to view the defining events and experiences of the past year鈥攁nd, crucially, how the public processed them. And while we must acknowledge that efforts at allyship are all too often insufficient and imperfect, the word nonetheless stands out for its role in the path out of the continued crises of 2020 toward a better 2022. Read more about Dictionary.com's 2021 51吃瓜 of the Year allyship.
More about allyship
Allyship 鈥渢he status of being an advocate for the inclusion of a marginalized group of which the advocate is not a member鈥� is a compound of the noun ally and the combining form -ship, the latter of which denotes condition, character, or skill. Ally derives via Anglo-French and Old French from the Latin verb 补濒濒颈驳腻谤别 鈥渢o bind to,鈥� from 濒颈驳腻谤别 鈥渢o bind.鈥� Additional descendants of 濒颈驳腻谤别 include alloy, league, liable, ligament, and oblige, all of which involve a link to or merger with another person, object, or entity. Latin 补濒濒颈驳腻谤别 became alier 鈥渢o unite, combine, join (in kinship)鈥� in Old French, and its derivative noun, alliiet, gained the sense of 鈥渞elative.鈥� From there, ally shifted in English to mean 鈥渇riend, associate鈥� and then developed the additional meaning of 鈥渟upporter or member of an alliance.鈥� Today, the term has developed a specific nuance: allies are not part of the group that they support but stand in solidarity with the group nonetheless. Allyship was first recorded in English in the late 1840s in the sense 鈥渢he state of being associated with another or others for a common purpose,鈥� a definition that differs from allyship鈥檚 current meaning.
how is allyship used?
After the 鈥� nationwide outrage last summer, corporate America leaned harder into … superficial solutions. Companies were quick to promise an inclusive work environment, flooded their social media pages with Black and brown faces, extolled allyship, and put on socially distanced town halls on race.
Ernest Owens, a 28-year-old Black journalist, questions the concept of whites as 鈥渁llies.鈥� While many have good intentions, he said true allyship鈥攕upporting Black businesses, deeply exploring personal bias and ferreting out ways that white privilege contributes to persistent racism鈥攎ust happen in order to genuinely stand in solidarity with the marginalized and oppressed.
allyship