51吃瓜

Isn鈥檛 there a nicer way?

How often do you toss out a familiar but sinister-sounding saying without thinking about how crazy it would sound if you were being literal? Where did these phrases come from?

If you want to know why we talk about 鈥渟kinning a cat鈥� or cutting off body parts as easily as we say hello, you’re in the right place. Let’s walk through the histories of a few rather macabre (or just unsettling) idioms that even your grandmother might be saying.

WATCH: Can You Correct These Idioms?

"There's more than one way to skin a cat."

Meaning: There’s more than one way to achieve an aim.

While we鈥檙e sorry to report that cat fur was briefly in fashion in the late 1800s, we鈥檙e happy to say this phrase didn鈥檛 come about due to any literal gruesomeness. The American humorist Seba Smith used this reference to felicide in a short story, “The Money Diggers,” in 1840: 鈥淭his is a money digging world of ours; and, as it is said, 鈥榯here are more ways than one to skin a cat,鈥� so are there more ways than one of digging for money.鈥� There are references to earlier, similar usage, in the 1600 and 1700s, but there, the unlucky creatures were usually dogs, and their means of death varied from being choked with pudding (yes, pudding) to hanging.

Animals have a way to nuzzle into our lives and our language. For a more lighthearted look at language, read about these animal idioms from around the world.聽

鈥淒on鈥檛 cut off your nose to spite your face."

Meaning: Don鈥檛 act in a way that would damage you more than it would the object of your anger.

The earliest documented usage of this phrase is way back in the 1100s. One line of thinking says it’s merely reflecting the harsh reality of punishment and revenge in the Middle Ages (when losing one鈥檚 nose wasn’t an uncommon fate). But another theory involves long-told stories of pious and pure Scottish nuns, disfiguring themselves in the face of advancing hordes of Vikings.

We say, put that knife down!

鈥淒on鈥檛 throw the baby out with the bathwater.鈥�

Meaning: Don鈥檛 recklessly eliminate the essential along with inessential.

The earliest notation of this German proverb is found in German satirist Thomas Murner鈥檚 1512 book, 狈补谤谤别苍产别蝉肠丑飞枚谤耻苍驳 (“Appeal to Fools”). It shares the page with a woodcut illustration depicting a tired-looking woman tossing鈥攏o, dumping鈥攁 barrel of water, along with a cherubic, round baby, into a pond. The proverb das Kind mit dem Bade aussch眉tten聽was popular in German culture, and the English adopted it in the early 1800s. Another, mostly debunked, theory posits the expression is related to the practice of family members using the same bath water鈥攈ead of household (Lord) being first, youngest infant last鈥攁nd the fear that the baby could be accidentally tossed with the dirty water.

This of course leave us wondering, could that … actually happen?

鈥淏y the skin of your teeth鈥�

Meaning: Narrowly, barely.

This odd expression derives from translations of the book of Job, in which the titular character suffers mightily at Satan鈥檚 hands. The King James version of the Bible reads, in Job 19:20, 鈥淢y bone cleaveth to my skin and to my flesh, and I am escaped with the skin of my teeth.鈥� The Geneva Bible renders the phrase as “I haue escaped with the skinne of my tethe.” If skinne-covered incisors were really a thing, we鈥檇 still give this metaphor high marks for its efficacy in signifying a very close call. Although, saying that one met their tax deadline, 鈥渂y the hair of their chinny-chin-chin,鈥� is pretty effective, too. It’s just as weird, and a little less … gross.

鈥淏reak a leg."

Meaning: used in theater, to wish a performer good luck.

There are a good number of theories on the earliest usage and intent of the phrase “break a leg,” involving everything from the Lincoln assassination to the appreciative stomping of ancient Greek audiences. Break a leg聽may have been a translation of the German Hals und Beinbruch (鈥淏reak your neck and leg鈥�), also of unknown origin. Equally mysterious is the Italian equivalent, In bocca di lupe, 鈥淚nto the mouth of the wolf.鈥� In the聽1920s an Irish writer, exploring superstitions, wrote that the wish of harm, as in 鈥渂reak a leg,鈥� was far safer than wishing 鈥済ood luck鈥濃�攖his is particularly true in theater. (And isn’t it convenient theater understudies found a linguistic way to wish bodily injury upon actors whose parts they鈥檇 studied?)

鈥淭o open a can of worms鈥�

Meaning: opening something that鈥檚 better left alone.

This idiom鈥攕ince it鈥檚 related to fishing鈥攕ounds as American as apple pie, though it can bring on the creepy-crawlies. And it is American, thought to have originated in the 1950s. It鈥檚 related to opening, or knocking over, a can of bait worms, which then equals a big mess. One of the earliest citings is in 1951, from The Edwardsville Intelligencer in Illinois: 鈥淭he question of command for Middle East defense against Soviet aggression is still regarded as 鈥榓 can of worms鈥� at General Eisenhower鈥檚 SHAPE headquarters here.鈥� It鈥檚 also thought to be an Americanized form of 鈥�笔补苍诲辞谤补鈥檚 产辞虫.鈥�

鈥淗eart in one鈥檚 mouth鈥�

Meaning: feeling intense dread or fear.

The feeling of having one鈥檚 heart in one鈥檚 mouth is thought to derive from the violent palpitations of the heart in a moment of fear or panic. One of the earliest citations is found in Homer鈥檚 Illiad, when Hector鈥檚 wife, Andromache, first discovers the death of her husband: 鈥淭hat was my husband鈥檚 noble mother I heard, my heart is in my mouth and my legs are numb.鈥� It鈥檚 more commonly seen starting in the 1500s, but the ancient Greek reference is the earliest noted.

鈥淏lood is thicker than water.鈥�

Meaning: family (blood) ties trump all others.

Rough and perhaps misinterpreted references to the bonds of bloodline are found in early German literature, with one 13th century translation seemingly pretty clear: 鈥淚 also hear it said, kin-blood is not spoiled by water.鈥� From the 1600s forward, the more modern version is found in European literature, and the phrase first appears in America in the early 1800s. In an interesting twist, there is some evidence that the original meaning was meant to convey that blood covenants, say, between soldiers on the battlefield, were stronger that the bonds of 鈥渨aters of the womb.鈥�