51吃瓜 of the Day
facultative
adjective
left to one's option or choice; optional: The last questions in the examination were facultative.
More about facultative
The adjective facultative comes via the French adjective facultatif (masculine), facultative (feminine) 鈥渃onveying or granting a right or power,鈥� from the noun 蹿补肠耻濒迟茅 鈥渒nowledge, learning, physical or moral capacity.” French 蹿补肠耻濒迟茅聽is聽ultimately from Latin 蹿补肠耻濒迟腻迟-, the stem of 蹿补肠耻濒迟腻蝉 鈥渁bility, power, capacity鈥� (originally a doublet of the noun 蹿补肠颈濒颈迟腻蝉 鈥渆ase, ease of performance or completion, facility鈥�). The French adjective suffix –atif, –ative comes from the Latin suffix –腻迟颈惫耻蝉; the English suffix –ative comes from both French and Latin. Facultative entered English in the 19th century.
how is facultative used?
I cannot but be conscious, when this toast of “Science and Literature” is given, that in what tends to become the popular view it is Sir William Grove and Science who are obligatory; it is I and Literature who are facultative.
From the facultative point of view, Poe thinks of poetry as a rhythmic and musical use of language which is the province of Taste alone, and which aspires to Beauty.
lese majesty
noun
an attack on any custom, institution, belief, etc., held sacred or revered by numbers of people: Her speech against Mother's Day was criticized as lese majesty.
More about lese majesty
It is not very often that there is a transparent connection between French (and English) and Latin, but lese majesty is such a term. In modern French the term is 濒猫蝉别–尘补箩别蝉迟茅, from Middle French laise majeste 鈥渁 crime against the king, treason.鈥� The French forms derive from Latin laesa 尘腻箩别蝉迟腻蝉 鈥渋njured majesty (of the sovereign people, state, or emperor).鈥� Laesa is the past participle of the verb laedere 鈥渢o hurt, harm鈥� (of uncertain etymology); 尘腻箩别蝉迟腻蝉 is a derivative of the comparative adjective major 鈥済reater, larger, bigger.鈥� Lese majesty entered English in the 15th century.
how is lese majesty used?
At the risk of lese-majesty, it [Windsor Castle] reminded me of a toy castle, part Disney, part Austrian schloss.
… his father was in jail for lese majesty鈥攚hat you call speaking the truth about the Emperor.
umami
noun
a strong meaty taste, often considered to be one of the basic taste sensations along with sweet, sour, bitter, and salty, imparted by glutamate and certain other amino acids.
More about umami
Umami comes unchanged from Japanese umami 鈥渟avory taste, delicious taste.鈥� Umami comes from umi-, the inflectional stem of umai 鈥�(to be) delicious鈥� and –mi, a suffix forming abstract nouns from adjectives. Umami entered English in the 20th century.
how is umami used?
Complex, creamy and very comforting, its intense umami character was exactly what Ms. Nguyen tried to capture in this garlicky noodle recipe … .
Glutamate also occurs naturally in all the foods that we associate with聽umami: aged hard cheeses, tomatoes, mushrooms, dried and fermented fish and fish sauces, and savory condiments like Marmite and Worcestershire sauce.