51吃瓜 of the Day
hapax legomenon
noun
a word or phrase that appears only once in a manuscript, document, or particular area of literature.
More about hapax legomenon
The phrase hapax legomenon, 鈥渁 word or phrase appearing only once in literature,鈥� comes from Greek 丑谩辫补虫 legomenon, composed of the adverb 丑谩辫补虫 鈥渙nce, one time鈥� and the neuter singular present passive participle 濒别驳贸尘别苍辞苍 鈥�(being) said,鈥� from the verb 濒茅驳别颈苍 鈥渢o say.鈥� (Hapax is also used by itself in English as a noun; the plural of hapax legomenon is hapax legomena.) One famous hapax鈥攁s far as these things go鈥攊s the adjective 别辫颈辞煤蝉颈辞苍 in the phrase 谩谤迟辞苍鈥� 别辫颈辞煤蝉颈辞苍 in the clause 鈥�(Give us this day our) daily bread,鈥� in the Lord鈥檚 Prayer in the gospels of St. Matthew and St. Luke. The Greek noun 谩谤迟辞蝉 means 鈥渨heat bread, bread (in general)鈥� and presents no problem. 贰辫颈辞煤蝉颈辞苍 may mean 鈥�(enough) for today, today’s, next day鈥檚, necessary, sufficient.鈥� 贰辫颈辞煤蝉颈辞苍 is variously translated in Latin: one of them, 辩耻辞迟墨诲颈腻苍耻尘 鈥渄aily,鈥� is an inadequate, even wrong translation of 别辫颈辞煤蝉颈辞苍, but it was used in Tyndale鈥檚 translation of the Bible (1534) and the King James Bible (1611), and it is used today in most modern English translations. Hapax legomenon entered English in the late 17th century.
how is hapax legomenon used?
I have no such grand designs in this essay, nor could I possibly discuss all of the hapax legomena in just The Lord of the Rings, not even in the most cursory fashion because there are more than five thousand of them.
The adjective 蠁慰位魏蠈蟼 is an absolute hapax legomenon in the Greek language: it occurs only here and in some ancient scholia, lexica, and commentaries on this very passage.
hapax legomenon
moonshot
noun
a very challenging and innovative project or undertaking.
More about moonshot
Moonshot, 鈥渁 launching of a spacecraft to the moon,鈥� a transparent compound of moon and shot, entered English in 1949, near the beginning of large-scale rocket development in the U.S. Moonshot in its extended sense 鈥渁 challenging and innovative project鈥� first appears in 1967.
how is moonshot used?
Jennifer Granholm, the energy secretary, called the U.S. plan to tackle climate change 鈥渙ur generation鈥檚 moonshot.鈥�
Moonshots don鈥檛 begin with brainstorming clever answers. They start with the hard work of finding the right questions.
moonshot
judder
verb (used without object)
to vibrate violently.
More about judder
Judder as a verb means 鈥渢o vibrate or shake violently,鈥� and as a noun, 鈥渧iolent shaking.鈥� It is first recorded in 1926 and refers to the shaking of automobiles (or their parts); it was later applied to aircraft. Judder has no precise etymology: it may be a combination of jolt or jerk and shudder, or it may be a variant pronunciation of shudder.
how is judder used?
Huw stalks through both sets of automatic doors, which judder and groan.
Other times, the vehicle鈥檚 robotic brain appeared confused, lingering at an all-way stop and juddering when a group of pedestrians crossed in front.
judder