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kowtow

[ kou-tou ] [ kata ] Show IPA Phonetic Respelling

verb (used without object)

to act in a manner showing excessive deference or eagerness to please.

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More about kowtow

Kowtow to act in a manner showing excessive eagerness to please is an adaptation of Mandarin Chinese 域簷喝喧籀喝, which literally means to knock (ones) head. In contrast to the negative sense that kowtow has acquired in English, the original purpose of kowtowing, which involves bowing and kneeling so that the forehead touches the ground, is to demonstrate respect. Mandarin 域簷喝喧籀喝 (cognate to Cantonese kautau) comprises two written characters: the first means to knock, while the second means heador, by extension and depending on context, hair, top, end, tip, first, or chief, leader. Kowtow was first recorded in English circa 1800.

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One of the great paradoxes of modern science is that scientists can speak with more confidence about supernovas, neutron stars and the first moments of cosmic creation than they can about what is going on in their own skulls. Humanities scholars should not ignore science or reject it in kneejerk fashion, but neither should they kowtow to it.

John Morgan, Can brain scans help us understand Homer? Scientific American, April 7, 2010

If you lived anywhere near New York City, you knew Jimmy Breslin. What made Breslin stand out was his blue-collar point of view. He was dogged in chasing a story. He didnt kowtow to the powerful, and he often thought about how class and privilege might influence a narrative.

Robert Trumpbour, Should journalism become less professional? Conversation, March 29, 2017

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fichu

[ fish-oo ] [ f阞 u ] Show IPA Phonetic Respelling

noun

a kerchief or shawl, generally triangular in shape, worn draped over the shoulders or around the neck with the ends drawn together on the breast.

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More about fichu

Fichu a triangular shawl worn draped over the shoulders is a borrowing from French, in which it is the past participle of the verb ficher to do, give; kick out, fall apart. Though the term fichu in French is often translated today as screwed up, a more traditional translation would be thrown hastily, much as the fichu garment is loosely attached as though it were hastily tossed over the shoulders. French has two verbs spelled ficherthe one discussed above, with the participle fichu, and another meaning to drive or plug in by its point, with the participle 款勳釵堯矇and both derive from Latin 款蘋眶梗娶梗 to fasten, pierce. 幛蘋眶梗娶梗, through its stem 款蘋單-, is the source of English fix, fixation, fixture, and suffix, all of which have to do with repairing or attaching something. Fichu was first recorded in English circa 1800.

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[I]n Western culture, the scarf is most prominently known for its use as a fashion accessory, one that first gained widespread popularity in the 19th century. The fichu is a typical 18th- and 19th-century style that can be seen as the forerunner of modern scarves. A piece of fabric worn lightly draped on the upper chest and usually knotted in front, it provided modest covering but was also an opportunity to add an especially fine textilesometimes lace edged or embroideredto an ensemble.

Nancy Deihl, A scarf can mean many thingsbut above all, prestige, Conversation, May 15, 2015

From time to time one heard the crack of a whip behind the hedge; then the gates opened, a chaise entered. Galloping up to the foot of the steps, it stopped short and emptied its load. They got down from all sides, rubbing knees and stretching arms. The ladies, wearing bonnets, had on dresses in the town fashion, gold watch chains, pelerines with the ends tucked into belts, or little coloured fichus fastened down behind with a pin, and that left the back of the neck bare.

Gustave Flaubert (18211880), Madame Bovary, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling, 1886

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鳥硃釵娶硃鳥矇

[ mak-ruh-mey ] [ m疆k rme阞 ] Show IPA Phonetic Respelling

noun

an elaborately patterned lacelike webbing made of hand-knotted cord, yarn, or the like, and used for wall decorations, hanging baskets, garments, accessories, etc.

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More about 鳥硃釵娶硃鳥矇

紼硃釵娶硃鳥矇 a lacelike webbing made of hand-knotted cord comes by way of French from Italian 鳥硃釵娶硃鳥癡, referring to a kind of fringe on hand towels. Note that both the French and Italian terms here stress the final syllable, while English stresses the first. Prior to Italian, 鳥硃釵娶硃鳥癡 was borrowed from Turkish makrama napkin, face towel, which derives in turn from Arabic miqrama embroidered coverlet, veil, bedspread. Because of their location in the eastern Mediterranean, languages such as Turkish and Ancient Greek often served as channels for words from Arabic, Hebrew, Persian, and Sanskrit (or Hindi) to pass into the rest of Europe. Arabic-origin words such as coffee, kismet, sherbet, sofa, sorbet, and vizier passed through Turkish first on their way to English. 紼硃釵娶硃鳥矇 was first recorded in English in the late 1860s.

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It has such a funny heritage, said Alexa Adams, the designer, along with Flora Gill, of the conceptual womens-wear line Ohne Titel. This season, the two managed to make 鳥硃釵娶硃鳥矇 look modern again by combining it with mesh, chiffon and silk-cotton cording in muted tones. The result was wonderfully intricate dresses that cling to the body, and high-heel sandals that, designed in collaboration with Cesare Paciotti, are some of springs coolest.

Karin Nelson, A Sleight of Hand With a Bit of String, New York Times, June 10, 2009

The pattern was simple, striking and modern: No chunky bead embellishments, just crisp, white rope …. This looks expensive, but I could probably just make it myself …. Making 鳥硃釵娶硃鳥矇by definition, cord tied into decorative knotsseemed doable. No messy paints or toxic turpentine involved. I assumed it would only take a spool of rope (which I bought for a few dollars at a hardware store) and that font of knowledge: the Internet.

Matthew Hague, The messy art of 鳥硃釵娶硃鳥矇: I could make that myself, Globe and Mail, May 2, 2014

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