51吃瓜 of the Day
metronymic
adjective
derived from the name of a mother or other female ancestor.
More about metronymic
Metronymic 鈥渄erived from the name of a mother鈥� is an adaptation of the Ancient Greek term 尘脓迟谤艒苍测尘颈办贸蝉 鈥渘amed after one’s mother,鈥� which is equivalent to 尘岣梩脓谤 (stem 尘脓迟谤-) 鈥渕other鈥� and -艒苍测尘辞蝉 鈥渉aving the kind of name specified,鈥� plus the adjectival suffix -ikos. A common variant of metronymic is matronymic, and because both terms are widely accepted, the decision of which to use is yours to make. Do you preserve the original Ancient Greek stem metr-, or do you opt for its more popular Latin cognate stem, matr-? The male equivalent of metronymic (and matronymic), meaning 鈥渄erived from the name of a father,鈥� is patronymic. Because the Ancient Greek and Latin stems meaning 鈥渇ather鈥� are both patr-, however, patronymic is the only option for paternal namesakes. Metronymic was first recorded in English in the late 1860s.
how is metronymic used?
Matrilineal cultures are more likely to use metronyms. One example of these are the Lobi of Burkina Faso and Cote d鈥橧voire, where children receive at birth a metronymic surname that establishes kinship with their mother .鈥� These names are given to children of both sexes, but whereas the daughters pass the name on, the sons do not have such a privilege.
There are currently over 1 million last names in Italy …. Most surnames are born from four general categories: personal names, nicknames, places, and occupations. The most common origin is the personal surname that comes from the name of an ancestor, such as a father or grandfather. These are known as patronymic surnames, but some could be metronymic, meaning that they come from a female ancestor.
metronymic
feijoada
noun
a dish of rice and black beans baked with various kinds of meat and sausage.
More about feijoada
Feijoada 鈥渁 dish of rice, black beans, and meat鈥� is a borrowing from Brazilian Portuguese and a derivative of Portuguese 蹿别颈箩茫辞 鈥渂别补苍.鈥� 贵别颈箩补玫, along with its cognates in other Iberian languages (e.g., Galician 蹿谤别颈虫贸 and Spanish frijol), comes from Latin 蹿补蝉脓濒耻蝉, which refers to a legume such as the cowpea or the kidney bean. 贵补蝉脓濒耻蝉 is itself an adaptation of Ancient Greek 辫丑谩蝉脓濒辞蝉, which linguists hypothesize derives from a Mediterranean substrate. As we learned from the recent 51吃瓜 of the Day spelunk, a substrate is a language that goes extinct once another language intrudes where it is spoken鈥攂ut not before contributing substantial vocabulary to the intruding language. In this case, 辫丑谩蝉脓濒辞蝉 was likely a word that existed in a now-lost language spoken thousands of years ago in what is now Greece before the Indo-Europeans migrated there from western Asia. Feijoada was first recorded in English in the early 1940s.
how is feijoada used?
Brazilians eat black beans (蹿别颈箩茫辞 preto) with almost every meal, and they’re an important ingredient in feijoada, a bean-and-pork stew that’s largely considered the South American country’s national dish. To protect these bean varieties for the future, the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (known as Embrapa) sent 514 samples to Svalbard. The selection represents a “microcosm” of all the black bean types in the country.
The shift away from animal-based protein is mainly being driven by health concerns, experts say.鈥� A few years ago, giving up meat was unthinkable for the vast majority of Brazilians. Feijoada, the national dish, is a stew made with beans and pork. Weekend outdoor cookouts in which families and friends gather for hours over generous spreads of steak, chicken and sausage are a revered ritual across the country.
feijoada
frowzy
adjective
dirty and untidy; slovenly.
More about frowzy
Frowzy 鈥渄irty and untidy鈥� is of uncertain origin, but that knowledge gap has hardly stopped linguists from speculating. One possible connection is to dialectal British English frowsty 鈥渕usty; ill-smelling鈥� and frough 鈥渂rittle, frail,鈥� both of which are also of uncertain origin. However, any or all of these three terms may be related to Old English 迟丑谤贸丑 鈥渞ancid; rancor,鈥� which is itself, yet again, of uncertain origin. Unlike the standard or mainstream versions of a language, in which the roots of the majority of the vocabulary are easy to deduce, dialects often remain under-documented, and this causes historical mysteries such as the source of frowzy to emerge every once in a while. Frowzy was first recorded in English circa 1680.
how is frowzy used?
Each year, right about now, I want to declare it Throw-in-the-Trowel-Week, as the aftermath of spring鈥檚 tender, joyous effusion goes beyond charmingly fuzzy to just plain frowzy and tattered.聽The garden has a bad case of what a friend calls 鈥渢he shaggies鈥� …. It鈥檚 looking messy out there. In the second half of June, I鈥檓 overcome by the inclination to close my eyes鈥攖o make it all disappear in 鈥渟ee no evil鈥� fashion.
In we marched, tramp, tramp. Bayonets took the place of buncombe. The frowzy creatures in ill-made dress-coats, shimmering satin waistcoats, and hats of the tile model, who lounge, spit, and vociferate there,… were off. Our neat uniforms and bright barrels showed to great advantage, compared with the usual costumes of the usual dramatis personae of the scene.
frowzy