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The combining form -philic is used like a suffix to indicate the adjective form of words that use the form -phile, meaning “love or liking,” “unnatural attraction,” or “tendency.”

The form -philic roughly means “characterized by a liking, tendency, or attraction.” In scientific terms, -philic is specifically used to label groups of organisms with a particular affinity for an environment, substance, or other element. It is frequently used in scientific and everyday terms, especially in biology.

The form -philic is made from a combination of two combining forms. The first is -phile, from Greek ���í���Dz�, meaning “dear, beloved.” The second form is the suffix -ic. The suffix -ic ultimately comes from Greek -ikos, which was an ending used to form adjectives.

While -philic doesn’t have any variants, it is related to six other combining forms: -phile, -philia, -philiac, -philism, -philous, and -phily. Want to know more? Check out our 51�Թ�s that Use articles for each form.

A good example of a scientific term that features the form -philic is cryophilic, “preferring or thriving at low temperatures.”

The first part of the word, cryo-, means “icy cold” or “frost,” from Greek ���ý�Dz�. As we’ve seen, -philic means “characterized by a liking, tendency, or attraction.” Cryophilic literally translates to “characterized by a liking for icy cold.”

What are some words that use the combining form –philic?

• acidophilic
• cytophilic
• hemophilic
• heterophilic
• lyophilic
• sudanophilic

What are some other forms that -philic may be commonly confused with?

• -phile
• -philiac
• -philous
• -phyll

The combining form cyto- means “cell.” With this in mind, what does cytophilic mean in everyday language?