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He was so keen on blasting errant popes that he put Pope Anastasius II in the sixth circle of Hell, whereas modern scholarship now largely agrees that he actually meant the Byzantine emperor Anastasius I. Ho hum.

After two unsuccessful attempts under the emperor Anastasius I., Hormisdas had no difficulty in coming to an understanding in 518 with his successor Justin.

Basic Catholic doctrine on the ordering of society was laid down by Pope Gelasius I in a letter to the Byzantine Emperor Anastasius I in 494: "Two there are, august Emperor, by which this world is ruled on title of original and sovereign right�the consecrated authority of the priesthood and the royal power."

These six ecumenical patriarchs wielded their authority under Iconoclast emperors for a long time: Anastasius I. from 730 to 753; Constantine II. from 754 to 766; Nicetas I. from 766 to 780; then an orthodox sovereign brought with him an orthodox council.

He was followed by the distinguished Anastasius I., and after St. Gregory I. by Anastasius II.