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In germination they develop a minute prothallus which bears archegonia to be fertilized by antherozoids developed from the microspores.

A, Male moss-flower stripped of its outer leaves, showing jointed filaments and oval sacs os and antherozoid cells zc swarming out of a sac. zc�, Antherozoid cell enlarged. z, Free antherozoid.

Reproduction in the olive sea-weeds is also double, by zoospores, generally considered gemmæ, and by spores and antherozoids, which is a sexual process.

Its extremity never opens, and we never find antherozoids; on the contrary, the antheridium presents, up to the maturity of the oospore, the appearance which it presented at the moment of fecundation.

The upper part of the antheridium becomes separated from the parent stem by a septum, and its contents are converted into ciliated motile antherozoids.