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“As a panpsychist, I prefer not to use that term, which, in addition to being vague, is also quite anthropocentric,” Skrbina said.

And I would say that’s a more biocentric approach or at the very least it’s less anthropocentric.

As she dug in, she said she noticed something else: “Not only is human medicine anthropocentric, it’s androcentric” — that is, focused on cisgender men.

“It just seems very anthropocentric,” Nick Tusay, a Penn State graduate student on the call, said.

And “in this new work,” she adds, “I want to use birds not as anthropocentric symbols but as routes to more vulnerable, attuned encounters with the nonhuman.”