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Over the span of a few seconds, a robot would dance in a herky-jerky fashion, programmed so that its stops and starts would spell out as a binary number the temperature in degrees Celsius.

We can undoubtedly assign a binary number to a neuron that has either fired "1" or not "0."

The gist of the reason for this is that while a string of N ordinary bits can encode a single N digit binary number, a string of N qubits can encode all of the N digit binary numbers at the same time, allowing a quantum computer to perform many operations in parallel.

Here’s where that limit comes from: If you want to get a message made up of the bits “1" or “0" to your friend a light-year away and all you have is a single photon, you can encode that single binary number into the photon and send it whizzing off toward your friend at light speed.

But by developing the binary number system, a way of representing numerical information using zeroes and 1s, he became the father of all computer coding.