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This customization may involve adjusting composition, structure, or properties to match specific patient requirements, like size, shape, or bioactivity enhancement.

Zhen takes ejiao himself occasionally for “better color” and “more energy,” although he says scientists “still don’t know the bioactivity of the product.”

“We have the scaffold for bioactivity, now can we push for better profiles?”

Higginbotham, now at Queen's University Belfast, and her colleagues published a paper in confirming bioactivity in some of their fungal strains against the parasites that cause malaria and Chagas' disease, a breast cancer cell line and several types of harmful bacteria.

As students isolate and characterize endophytic microbes, evaluate their bioactivity, and examine their chemical diversity, they gain new technical skills that translate into broader research abilities.