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As a fourth-generation synchrotron, the $657 million facility will generate brilliant, coherent beams for experiments in fields such as materials science, chemistry, and biomedicine.

"We hope these advancements will enhance studies in biology, biophysics and biomedicine, where intricate interactions at the nanoscale are key to understanding cellular function in health and pathogenesis."

Their findings open up new design avenues for materials useful in electronics, sensing, optics, and biomedicine.

“They did a really comprehensive job,” agrees Clair Kronk, a lecturer at the Yale University School of Medicine who is an expert on sex and gender data collection standards in health care and biomedicine.

Freeze-cast materials are suitable for many applications, from biomedicine to environmental engineering and energy technologies.