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White horehound contains a volatile oil, resin, a crystallizable bitter principle termed marrubiin and other substances, and has a not unpleasant aromatic odour, and a persistent bitter taste.

In the year 1821, several chemists isolated from coffee a bitter principle, of peculiar properties, which was named caffein.

They were a favorite spring tonic, where all physicians and housewives prescribed "the bitter principle" in the spring time.

The bark and leaves have an intensely bitter principle, similar to quinine and equally efficacious.

Turnips contain a large quantity of matter capable of affording nourishment to the body, but they yield little or none of the bitter principle.