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It is usually an hour's drive between the nearby Congolese city of Uvira and Burundi's main city of Bujumbura with the road humming with traders and vehicles.

"Burundi is worried that if Rwandan troops… extend their influence into South Kivu that could destabilize the government in Bujumbura. What's at stake here is stopping this rebellion before it gets too close to home."

This hospital in Bujumbura is home to one of three mpox treatment centres in the city.

The assault took place on Saturday night on the road from Bubanza province to Burundi's commercial capital Bujumbura, they said.

The 68-year-old, a vocal critic of Kagame, says he was lured to Rwanda in 2019 when he boarded a private plane in Dubai that he believed was bound for Bujumbura, Burundi.