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Donation Land Act gives away Indian lands to settlers.

Following the Donation Land Claim Act of 1850, newcomers — at first mostly white men — flowed into the valley, establishing farms and residences.

The young Smithers was lured from Virginia to the Northwest by the Donation Land Claim Act of 1850.

Oregon was anti-slavery largely to protect white settlers in Oregon – granted free land under the federal Donation Land Act of 1850 – who “didn’t want to have to compete with the institution of slavery,” Millner said.

The paths explored land that non-Native settlers had taken from Indigenous peoples through treaties and government edicts like the Donation Land Claim Act of 1850 and an 1865 Seattle board of trustees ordinance expelling Native Americans.