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But on the basis of the cells’ marker-gene expression and location, we would suggest that they are instead endocardial cells that line the heart chamber.

"The risk of an endocardial cushion defect among babies whose mothers did not take decongestants is about 3 per 10,000 live births."

First-trimester use of phenylephrine, which is found in Sudafed among other products, was tied to an eight-fold higher risk of a heart defect called endocardial cushion defect.

At first it does not quite reach the endocardial cushions in the auricular canal, already mentioned, but leaves a gap, called the ostium primum, between.

When it is established the septum primum grows down and meets the endocardial cushions, and so the ostium primum is obliterated.