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The team collected excreta samples daily during the entire experimental period and analyzed DNA to identify bacteria present.

Nitrogen, which is vital for plant growth, is present in animal excreta and synthetic fertilisers that are applied to land to boost crop production.

Outbreaks are sporadic and previous infections in South Asia were traced to consumption of items contaminated with bat excreta.

Outbreaks are sporadic and previous infections in South Asia have occurred when people drank date-palm sap contaminated with bat excreta.

The problem with the history it established is that a lot of it is what Bodenheimer describes with an expletive meaning bovine excreta.