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“Many mass-market ‘aromatherapy’ products that list oils on their cosmetic labels actually contain either synthetic fragrances or isolated fragrance chemicals such as linalool and geraniol limonene rather than natural essential oils,” said Annette Davis, a seasoned aromatherapist and the president of the National Association for Holistic Aromatherapy.

Homan says many clients prefer products made with plant oils, and he often offers trays of repellent bracelets for guests, such as the Cliganic Insect Repellent Band, made with oils including geraniol, lemon grass and citronella.

The new DNA carried the genetic blueprints for producing linalool and geraniol, molecules that are key parts of the hop flavor profile.

When the team brewed beer using the genetically engineered yeast, linalool and geraniol were in the final product—but they came from the yeast, not from hop plants.

In a rose garden, a rose is a rose because of geraniol, a 10-carbon compound, and it is the geometric conformation of atoms and their bond angles that determine the unique fragrance.