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Her only physical abnormalities, it seemed, were mild brain inflammation and a teratoma—a rare kind of germ cell tumor—in her ovary.

In male germ cell, sperm formation follows the completion of meiosis, with multiple gene regulatory programs.

These epigenetic changes impact crucial genes involved in hormone signaling and germ cell development, as well as regulation of the epigenetic landscape, suggesting that environmental exposure can have lasting and hereditary effects on gene regulation.

Almost all sea squirts are hermaphrodites, as they produce both male and female germ cells.

In this process, the typical elongated sperm cells are formed from round germ cells.