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"We have destroyed wildlife habitats, polluted the environment, used pesticides on an industrial scale and we are changing the climate," Dr Fox said.

“We’ve created islands of habitat fragmentation with our roadways and housing encroaching deeper and deeper into the wild urban interface, and now we’re fixing this problem by using human ingenuity for good purposes.”

It is designed to help animals avoid being killed while roaming in urban habitats.

Little by little, limestone is deposited on the steel poles and at their base, creating an ideal habitat for corals and other shellfish and marine animals.

Limits on abstraction were needed to ensure the species and habitats had sufficient water to survive "particularly during dry summers and low flow periods," she said.