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In preclinical in vivo studies, the material showed remarkable results: it fully repaired bone defects within 3-6 months and even triggered the formation of a new layer of strong, healthy cortical bone in 4 weeks.

A particularly notable finding, according to the researchers, was that effects of the interaction of Rab7a and TPC2 could be demonstrated in vivo.

Future studies should examine ways to integrate the hierarchical structure of these diverse cell definitions in analyses and consider alternate models of in vivo brain functioning, said Holmes.

Its insights pertain to the complex rules that govern the processes that emerge when millions of synapses undergo plasticity under in vivo conditions -- like in the living brain.

"Our continued collaboration with the So lab and their expertise with microscope development has enabled in vivo studies that are unapproachable using conventional, out-of-the-box two photon microscopes," she added.