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The theoretically more interesting field of inferential statistics uses probability theory to make predictions, to estimate important characteristics of a population, and to test the validity of hypotheses.

“I’d rather not have any inferential statistics at all than have some that we know aren’t valid,” he says.

Jan de Ruiter, a cognitive scientist at Bielefeld University in Germany, tweeted: “NHST is really problematic”, but added that banning all inferential statistics is “throwing away the baby with the p-value”.

“You can’t do science without some sort of inferential statistics.”