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Dr. Daniela Garone, M.S.F.’s international medical coordinator, said the vaccine demand had left the agencies to make grim choices.

“M.S.F., W.F.P., UNICEF, DINEPA, M.D.M., I.O.M., U.S.A.I.D. The country had been overrun by international aid organizations, and what the girls wanted to know most of all was who paid best.”

“I never thought I would work with M.S.F. in my own country. That’s crazy. We are a rich country,” said Marine Tondeur, a Belgian nurse who has worked in South Sudan and Haiti.

During the first assault, in October 2015, American planes struck a hospital run by Doctors Without Borders, known by its French initials, M.S.F., killing at least 42 people.

“M.S.F. believes that such a notice is seeking to add political drama to human tragedy,” the group said in an emailed statement.