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Along with the increased police presence, the city has mobilized outreach teams armed with naloxone, the drug that can reverse opioid overdoses.

Workplaces in California could eventually be required to stock first aid kits with naloxone or another opioid overdose reversal medication under the bill signed by Newsom.

Easy access to naloxone, a proven and highly effective medication that reverses opioid overdoses in real time, saves lives when distributed directly to people who use drugs.

About a quarter reported having naloxone, a medicine that reverses an opioid overdose, but Kushel said it should be in the hands of every opioid user and everyone around them.

His study showed that naloxone methiodide effectively reversed respiratory depression in rats that had been given fentanyl, and also the opposite — that rats given naloxone methiodide first, and given fentanyl afterwards, never developed respiratory depression.