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Bulgarov's family home is in the village of Ikon-Khalk, a settlement of the Nogai people, a Turkic ethnic group.

The opening number, for three men, was inspired by the Kalmyks, who until recently lived as nomads on the Nogai Steppe near the mouth of the Volga; it’s easy to feel that it suggests eagles in flight and horses running.

He also brought with him imperial orders for Han Tatar Nogai to collect some troops with which to come to his aid.

The younger Læstadius frequently notices the tjäder, in his very remarkable account of the Swedish Laplanders—a work wholly unsurpassed as a genial picture of semi-barbarian life, and not inferior in minuteness of detail to Schlatter's description of the manners of the Nogai Tartars, or even to Lane's admirable and exhaustive work on the Modern Egyptians.

The light of the moon fell straight on the face of the Nogai, which was like the snout of a dog.