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Protections like these could protect ecosystems in the examined cases of the tribunal, including in Brazil where a firm called Belo Sun has proposed the development of the country’s largest open-pit gold mine, and in regions affected by copper, silver, and other metals mining throughout Ecuador.

The victims had climbed into open-pit areas left by industrial miners to look for scraps of gold when the earth around them caved in, a gold miner's union leader told Reuters.

Trump’s support can be expected for renewed clear-cutting in the 17-million-acre Tongass forest, the same old-growth carbon sink Dunleavy hoped to profit from; building a 211-mile industrial-use-only road through the pristine Brooks Range to open the door to copper mining; and permitting an open-pit gold mine near the headwaters of the salmon-rich Kuskokwim River.

Giant trucks the size of townhouses, capable of hauling 300 tonnes, criss-cross red-earth roads in various sections of this open-pit mine complex.

Soon, I saw what has drawn so many to Clifton over the last 150 years: one of the world’s largest open-pit copper mines.