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“The low-end manufacturing industry is tough and will be getting tougher day by day as both labor and land costs are rising,” says Xu Hui, 39, the owner of Wenzhou Dazhan Photoelectricity Co. in Zhejiang province, south of Shanghai.

The book, written with Physicist Arthur L. Hughes, turned out to be, at the time, the definitive work on photoelectricity.

For example, the men who did the original work on photoelectricity, the phenomenon that now magically opens restaurant and railway station doors and performs a thousand sorting jobs in industry, were all pure scientists.

And the man who first clarified photoelectricity by describing it mathematically was none other than Albert Einstein.