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"Properties such as high electric conductivity in liquid crystals may be used for the fabrication of electronic devices. In addition, stimuli-responsive behaviors in soft materials can be used to modulate relevant properties, like photoluminescence, according to pressure and temperature," explains Prof. Maeda.

Another intriguing aspect is the presence of silicon-vacancy color centers in the diamond structure, as an intense zero-phonon line at 738.5 nm in the photoluminescence spectrum excited by using a 532 nm laser was found.

Tagliabue explains that, using a thin film of monocrystalline gold produced with a novel synthesis technique, the team studied the photoluminescence process as they made the metal thinner and thinner.

These observations provided key spatial information about exactly where the photoluminescence process occurred in the gold, which is a prerequisite for the metal's use as a probe.

Using photoluminescence, the spectrum of the light emitted by the solar cell after excitation by a laser has been studied as a means to understanding how well the solar cell takes care of electrons internally.