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Whether through existing mandamus or quo warranto actions, state and federal officials—as well as private citizens—can seek to disqualify a candidate who has engaged in insurrection from holding office.

Prosecutors sought permission to sue Calderon in a process known as a quo warranto.

An attempt was made, however, to prevent judgment being rendered on the return of the writ of quo warranto.

The “quo warranto” rolls show that a market every Wednesday and a fair on St Augustine’s day were granted to Simon son of Walter by King John.

After the adjournment of the legislature, the governor reappointed McClernand, who sued out a writ of quo warranto to oust Field.