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Treatments for people with muscle dysmorphia will vary based on the individual and provider, in part because there have been no randomized control trials to test which therapies work best.

In contrast, the gold standard for nutritional research is the randomized controlled trial, which allows scientists to isolate specific dietary variables.

“Analgesic efficacy is only one part of the equation — we also need randomized trials in chronic pain that look at function and long-term tolerability in comparison to NSAIDs,” Friedmann said.

While this technique might work for some people, it's important to test it in larger randomized controlled studies to better understand how it works and compares to other therapies in the field, Brownstone said.

While biobank data cannot replace randomized controlled trials, they can unlock new information that can improve future studies and advance the evolving field of using genetics to predict treatment outcomes, Sadowski said.