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Others stress how the idea of permanently displacing Gazans would be tantamount to the liquidation of the Palestinian quest for statehood.

Riyadh suspended normalization talks with Israel early in the Gaza war and has since hardened its position, insisting that this is "off the table" until the issue of Palestinian statehood is resolved.

He adds: "Even Denmark, which is a sovereign state, is interdependent… I prefer the word statehood."

It says any final settlement must be the result of negotiations with the Palestinians, and statehood should not be a precondition.

The document mentions only two African territories in its sub-Saharan Africa section - Somaliland and Djibouti - and proposes "the recognition of Somaliland statehood as a hedge against the US's deteriorating position in Djibouti".