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"A detection algorithm's accuracy should be statistically independent from factors like race," Lyu says, "but obviously many existing algorithms, including our own, inherit a bias."

Another problem is the tendency to treat different studies as statistically independent, even when they have emerged from connected commissioning processes and could therefore amount to multiple testing of the same hypothesis, meaning that every extra study must overcome an increasingly rigorous statistical hurdle to demonstrate efficacy.

Unlike Halley ., we controlled for the unbalanced and autocorrelated nature of these data, using a stratified random resampling approach to ensure that data points could be considered to be statistically independent.

The observed significances for the statistically independent 7 and 8 TeV data samples both peak at ~126 GeV, at which they are 3.6σ and 4.9σ, respectively.

Even if there are, the notion of their being statistically independent is a fallacy.