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As carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere increase, plants may need to open their stomata less frequently, leading to decreased transpiration and preserving more groundwater.

When there is a water shortage, plants act to conserve water by producing the drought stress hormone ABA to close their stomata.

The sensors can enter leaves through pores called stomata and take up residence in the mesophyll -- the layer where most photosynthesis takes place.

This probably happens because the bladder cells partially cover the stomata on the plant's leaves, a point of entry for many bacterial invaders.

Unlike flowering plants, mosses do not use stomata for CO2 entry and therefore may have less access to the available CO2.