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His family alleged in a 2018 lawsuit that the 67-year-old grandfather had died a year earlier as the result of neglect after his tracheal tube became disconnected.

The tumor had spread through the thyroid gland, onto the carotid artery and into the tracheal rings.

A sudden throat tear, known medically as a "spontaneous tracheal perforation" is rare and can be potentially life-threatening.

These “anthrobots,” no bigger than poppy seeds, consist of human tracheal cells cultured in a 3D scaffolding to form spheres.

"It is fascinating and completely unexpected that normal patient tracheal cells, without modifying their DNA, can move on their own and encourage neuron growth across a region of damage," said Levin.