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First, a wavefront of ions races across the transistor.

"We have now developed a special method to deform the wavefront of the light being emitted by the atom," explains Dr. Andrea Alberti.

To get enough photons in such short exposures, the wavefront sensor requires a bright source of light above the atmosphere.

As Adler had observed, the colonies formed expanding waves, and some cells fell behind the wavefront, seeding the newly covered ground.

If we can measure those interference patterns—go around that wavefront and say there’s constructive interference here, destructive interference here—we can put together what that black hole looks like.