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"After chasing dozens of them, the real winners were from birds," Collins said, including the zebra finch and the white-throated sparrow.

Dr. Otter recorded some white-throated sparrow songs and turned them into spectrograms — visualizations that lay birdsongs out, so they can be more easily compared.

Only the sweet call of a solitary white-throated sparrow pierced the cool of the woods beyond.

I don’t mean to downsize the women or their role in all this, but—Mrs. Hall, Mrs. Hambling—they didn’t know a Focke-Wulf 200 from a white-throated sparrow.

The Carolina wren and the white-throated sparrow sang over the baseline hum of New York Avenue’s rush hour.