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“This issue is so financially devastating,” said Stephanie Bolton, the research and education director at the Lodi Winegrape Commission, a winegrower advocacy group that assisted in the research.

Like all of Varda’s documentaries, “The Gleaners and I” effortlessly digresses whenever something special catches the filmmaker’s eye, as when, while learning about gleaning in vineyards, she meets a winegrower who is descended from Étienne-Jules Marey, who invented the proto-cinematic technique of chronophotography.

Monarch Tractor, the creator of an electric self-driving tractor, has been testing the vehicles in two California wineries since 2020, including the one owned by fifth-generation winegrower Karl Wente.

When he decided to marry Paulette and return to France, the Baltimore-born veteran became the first American winegrower in the region.

He says that winemakers simply have to change with the times: "It is up to the winegrower to adapt to climate change and work differently."